Individual rights are those that are part of the Constitution such as the right to free speech, the right to bear arms, freedom of religion, and the right to own property, among many others. The Constitution guarantees all these rights and they are protected by the courts.
The first ten amendments to the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights and are where most of our individual rights come from. There are also many other rights that have been amended and are now protected, such as the 13th amendment which abolishes slavery.
When the Constitution was created, many people were up in arms because there were no laws or right protecting the people from the government. So they created the Bill of Rights, and made amendments to the Constitution to satisfy the people. The first amendment gives freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom to the press and freedom to assemble to the people. These are important and were created so that people could feel human. These amendments lay out the laws to everyone so that it is clearly defined. The Bill of Rights was written to protect the people.
It is important to understand the Bill of Rights, especially if you are going to be bringing up a case using one of them. You need to understand what kind of cases apply to these rights if you are to quote them. Your case may go further than a small claims court.
When bringing up a case that involves your individual rights, the Supreme Court has the final say on anything that happens with the case. It is wise to study up on the Constitution as well as the Bill of Right before bringing any case to the courts.